MC68020 MC68ECO20 MICROPROCESSORS USER'S MANUALIntroduction Processing States Signal Description On-Chip Cache Memory Bus Operation Exception Processing Coprocessor Interface Description Instruction Execution Timing Applications Information Electrical Characteristics Ordering Information and Mechanical Data Appendix A Index a =z =z za Zz 6 Za Zz 10 Cit Zz aIntroduction Processing States Signal Description On-Chip Cache Memory Bus Operation Exception Processing Coprocessor Interface Description Instruction Execution Timing Applications Information Electrica! Characteristics Ordering Information and Mechanical Data Appendix A Index68K FAX-IT FAX (512) 895-8593 The Motorola High-Performance Microprocessor Technical Publications Department provides a fax number for you to submit any questions and comments about this document. We welcome your suggestions for improving our documentation or any questions concerning our products. Please provide the document number and revision number (located in upper ri
5.4 CA and PORT Generator ........ 1-512 5.5 Bus Arbiter ...................08. 1-512 5.6 Memory Signal Conversion ...... 1-512 5.7 Wait State Generator ............ 1-513 APPENDIX A SCHEMATICS ........... 1-514 A.1 MC68030/82596CA ............. 1-515 A.2 MC68020/82596DX ............. 1-516 A.3 MC68000/82596SX ............. 1-517 APPENDIX B PLD EQUATIONS ....... 1-518 B.1 MC68030/82596CA ............. 1-519. B.2 MC68020/82596DX ............. 1-530 B.3 MG68000/82596SX ............. 1-539 APPENDIX C TIMING DIAGRAMS ..... 1-545 C.1 MC68030/82596CA ............. 1-546 C.2 MC68020/82596DX ............. 1-555 C.3 MC68000/82596SX ............. 1-562 APPENDIX D PARTS LIST ............ 1-569 Throughout this document, M68000 is used as a general reference to a family of microprocessors, which includes the MC68000, MC68020, MC68030. A reference to a particular member of the family will use the MC prefix followed by the specific number. 82596 is used as a general refere
.1 A.4.2 A.5 A.5.1 A.5.2 A.6 A.6.1 A.6.2 MC68000, MC68008, MC68010 Processors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M68000, MC68008, and MC68010 Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68000, MC68008, and MC68010 Addressing Modes . . . . . . . . . MC68020 Processors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68020 Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68020 Addressing Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68030 Processors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68030 Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68030 Addressing Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68040 Processors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68040 Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M
MC68020 MC68EC020 MICROPROCESSORS USER'S MANUAL First Edition Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein to improve reliability, function or design. Motorola does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses,
MC68020 MC68EC020 MICROPROCESSORS USER'S MANUAL First Edition Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein to improve reliability, function or design. Motorola does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses,
the bus is the same whether the processor or an external device is the bus master; the names and descriptions of bus cycles are from the point of view of the bus master. For exact timing specifications, refer to Section 10 Electrical Characteristics. The MC68020/EC020 architecture supports byte, word, and long-word operands, allowing access to 8-, 16-, and 32-bit data ports through the use of asynchronous cycles controlled by the DSACK1 and DSACK0 input signals. The MC68020/EC020 allows byte, word, and long-word operands to be located in memory on any byte boundary. For a misaligned transfer, more than one bus cycle may be required to complete the transfer, regardless of port size. For a port less than 32 bits wide, multiple bus cycles may be required for an operand transfer due to either misalignment or a port width smaller than the operand size. Instruction words and their associated extension words must be aligned on word boundaries. The user should be aware that misalignment of
.1 A.4.2 A.5 A.5.1 A.5.2 A.6 A.6.1 A.6.2 MC68000, MC68008, MC68010 Processors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M68000, MC68008, and MC68010 Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68000, MC68008, and MC68010 Addressing Modes . . . . . . . . . MC68020 Processors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68020 Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68020 Addressing Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68030 Processors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68030 Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68030 Addressing Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68040 Processors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68040 Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M
MOTOROLA xiv (Continued) Title Page CPU32 REFERENCE MANUAL SECTION 1 OVERVIEW The CPU32, the first-generation instruction processing module of the M68300 Family, is based on the industry-standard MC68000 processor. It has many features of the MC68010 and MC68020, as well as unique features suited for high-performance controller applications. The CPU32 is source code and binary code compatible with the M68000 Family. CPU32 power consumption during normal operation is low because it is a high-speed complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (HCMOS) device. Power consumption can be reduced to a minimum during periods of inactivity by executing the low-power stop (LPSTOP) instruction, which shuts down the CPU32 and other intermodule bus (IMB) submodules. Ease of programming is an important consideration in using a microcontroller. The CPU32 instruction format reflects a predominately register-memory interaction philosophy. All data resources are available to all operations requiring those resources. Th
MC68020 MC68EC020 MICROPROCESSORS USER'S MANUAL First Edition Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein to improve reliability, function or design. Motorola does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses,
ity requirements that must typically be implemented in software by a general-purpose processor. With a generalpurpose main processor and the appropriate coprocessor(s), the processing capabilities of a system can be tailored to a specific application. The MC68020/EC020 supports the M68000 coprocessor interface described in this section. This section is intended for designers who are implementing coprocessors to interface with the MC68020/EC020. The designer of a system that uses one or more Motorola coprocessors (the MC68881 or MC68882 floating-point coprocessor, for example) does not require a detailed knowledge of the M68000 coprocessor interface. Motorola coprocessors conform to the interface described in this section. Typically, they implement a subset of the interface, and that subset is described in the coprocessor user's manual. These coprocessors execute Motorola-defined instructions that are described in the user's manual for each coprocessor. 7.1 INTRODUCTION The distinctio
MC68020 MC68EC020 MICROPROCESSORS USER'S MANUAL First Edition Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein to improve reliability, function or design. Motorola does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses,
MC68020 MC68EC020 MICROPROCESSORS USER'S MANUAL First Edition Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein to improve reliability, function or design. Motorola does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses,
.1 A.4.2 A.5 A.5.1 A.5.2 A.6 A.6.1 A.6.2 MC68000, MC68008, MC68010 Processors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M68000, MC68008, and MC68010 Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68000, MC68008, and MC68010 Addressing Modes . . . . . . . . . MC68020 Processors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68020 Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68020 Addressing Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68030 Processors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68030 Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68030 Addressing Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68040 Processors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68040 Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M
............ Signal Summary ....................................................................... 9-2 9-2 9-4 9-6 9-7 FREESCALE XVIII MC68881/MC68882 USER'S MANUAL PREFACE This manual assumes that the MC68881/MC68882 is connected as a coprocessor to the MC68020/MC68030 microprocessor. If the MC68881/MC68882 is used in a system with a main processor other than the MC68020/MC68030, it is expected that the main processor emulates the M68000 Family coprocessor interface as required by the MC68881/MC68882. This manual is divided into two major parts. The first part, sections 2 through 8, describes the programmer's model of the MC68881/MC68882 and the floatingpoint instruction set that it implements. This part of the manual includes a detailed description of each instruction and a section on instruction timing that can be used for program optimization and to predict floating-point arithmetic performance. The second part of the manual, sections 9 through 13, describes the hardware interfa
MC68020/EC020, contains information on floating-point units, byte select logic, power and ground considerations, clock driver, memory interface, access time calculations, module support, and access levels. 9.1 FLOATING-POINT UNITS Floating-point support for the MC68020/EC020 is provided by the MC68881 floating-point coprocessor or the MC68882 enhanced floating-point coprocessor. Both devices offer a full implementation of the IEEE Standard for Binary Floating-Point Arithmetic (754). The MC68882 is a pin- and software-compatible upgrade of the MC68881, with an optimized MPU interface that provides over 1.5 times the performance of the MC68881 at the same clock frequency. Both coprocessors provide a logical extension to the integer data processing capabilities of the main processor. They contain a high-performance floating-point arithmetic unit and a set of floating-point data registers that are utilized in a manner that is analogous to the use of the integer data registers of the proc